A candid and sometimes comparative analysis of Italian culture and those with which it - and I - come into contact
Wednesday, April 30, 2014
Tintern Abbey
---------------------
I decided to go to Parma for reasons, only one of them considered good. I had never been; it wouldn't take long for me to get there; someone's mother I knew grew up there; it is home to the world's best prosciutto. Often, when I retell this story in Italy, I skip the first reasons and, conditioned by a culture that always sanctions culinary adventures, go straight to the last. "I wanted prosciutto di Parma, so I went to Parma," I'll say, "found a deli, had a few slices, and left." It's reductive, but it's more or less true: I spent fewer than four hours in Parma, and one of them eating. When (half-heartedly and usually jokingly) asked why I decided to take a train an hour and a half northeast for a product I could have easily found in Pontassieve (where I was staying at the time), I usually respond, "wouldn't you?" or, "isn't it worth it?" or (and this is a crowd favourite) "but it's not the same in Pontassieve," and am met with great approval. The story generally ends there, and we move onto other travel tales or, more frequently, a discussion of what to eat for dinner.
Of course, I hadn't taken a train an hour and a half northeast for prosciutto. Or even to visit Parma. Actually, I had planned on spending the day in Bologna, a much more justified location on an American tourist's map. But after climbing the Asinelli tower - which is what I had gone to do - and with nowhere specific to go, muscle memory brought me back to the station, and I decided to head over to Parma, just a thirty minute ride away. And because I had never been, and because someone's mother I knew grew up there, and because it's home to the world's best prosciutto.
I only talk about my experience visiting Parma's ducal palace, gardens, and library in reference to my research travels there in the summer of 2012, even though I had visited all three places four years earlier, and before stumbling rather half-consciously into the deli where I eventually had my now famous afternoon snack. I do it to preserve the dignity of the prosciutto, because it makes for a better story; going to Parma to take a walk around its centro storico is decidedly much less appealing to an Italian audience.
And I almost never mention the encounter with an Ursuline order of nuns that still defines my relationship with Parma -- in my own mind.
The Ursuline order of nuns was formed sometime in the 1500s, most famously in Brescia (1535), but most importantly thereafter in France. It was a cloistered order with an educational aim: Ursuline sisters took seriously their role as educators complementary to their Jesuit brothers, leading them to open the enclosure of their convent for the specific growth of Catholic education for girls. In Italy, Ursuline convents proliferated especially in the north; Parma's is made more famous for the eventual tenure of Princess Maria Antonia of Parma there in the early nineteenth century.
But I didn't know any of that when I arrived at their doorstep outside the walls of the ducal residence. I didn't know any of that until my academic curiosity led me to research it, much later.
There was a period in my life, roughly from 2000 to 2007, during which I believed fervently in signs. Universal Signs. Signs From my Subconscious. Signs From Above (or somewhere similar). The kind of signs Paolo Coelho, in his infinite (if somewhat redundant) wisdom taught me I should seek out, believe in, listen to. Toward the end of that time, I had a dream about nuns, or a reflection on my private-Catholic-school education, or a momentary disillusion with the pressures of secular existence (as I perceived them) that led me to look up international orders of nuns, pick the one of my liking, and choose my nun name (as put to a vote among friends). I was to be Marie-Antoine/tte, Ursuline sister, somewhere in Italy. By the summer of 2008 and by way of a litany of disappointing outcomes to difficult events, I had both rescinded my dream of donning a habit and stopped believing in signs. But randomly finding an Ursuline convent, in Parma, that an unintentional namesake had made famous, caused me to take pause, both as it happened and, to a larger extent, as I discovered the full range of the coincidences it entailed.
I don't remember the afternoon with any clarity. It's not among the episodes that stand out in a particular way in my mind about my life. Parma was an impression left on the soles of my feet and somewhere behind my retinas that registered, eventually, onto film and hard copy prints hung on my first apartment wall. Above my bed. In bicycle tires and red brick. What I remember are the curves of its streets, the sunlight dipping behind its orange-walled homes. I remember thinking, without the knowledge about it that I would acquire only later, that all of Emilia-Romagna looked the same; in essence, Parma might as well have been Bologna (or, as I observed years afterwards, Modena, or Ferrara, or Ravenna). I remember my soft-shoed footsteps tiptoeing into the silence of empty courtyards to steal photos of perfectly white-washed walls or wrought iron gates. I remember the late-afternoon heat cascading down my neck and wrapping itself around my shoulders as evening fell. I remember being lost.
And I remember the plaque outside the open gate of an Ursuline convent drawing me to it from my position across the street. I remember the little flower garden behind it beckoning. I remember the yellow air hanging inches above the paved road that led from the external gate to the convent's entrance door -- also left wide open, inviting.
I had not expected such hospitality.
Despite the call for guests implicit in the convent's open state, I entered tentatively, looking around me. I don't remember now if the white-dressed sister that eventually greeted me did so from a formal position of reception, or whether she responded instinctively to the smells and sounds I brought with me into her home. It was unusual for a nun of the Ursuline order to wear a white habit, I thought; surely, this was a sister with special exemption from cloistered life -- a teacher, or a nurse expected to service her community in a way other members of her order couldn't. She looked to be in her early sixties, and was the only one I saw that day, so I had no opportunity to compare her dress or behaviour with anyone else's.
She welcomed me with a smile that spread beyond the arbitrary limits of her face. I asked if I was disturbing anyone, if I might look around the convent now that I was here. Of course, she said. The sisters were always happy to have visitors; she would show me around.
She took me through a short, cool, and narrow hall, and up a marble staircase with iron handrails. At the top of it was a row of rooms, most behind closed doors, but some left open for the curiosity of those walking by. At the far right, was a bathroom. To its left, a small study with heavily-shelved bookcases lining the walls anchored by a small table at the room's center and, a few feet away, a light blue couch, old but sturdy. We turned left into the chapel parlour that, despite its Catholic decadence, had perhaps once hosted secular visitors. A magnificent glass chandelier hung from a domed ceiling above floors that shone with the same marble pattern as the staircase that had led us to them. It was mostly a standing room; a few armchairs set up before a coffee table laden with cross and Bible lent it a hospitable air, but otherwise, it was a sad and stale space, no longer accustomed to attention or appreciation.
The Sister asked me if I'd like to sit for a while; I said no, thank you -- I was happy just to have a look around. Soon, I should get back to the train station, since friends were expecting me in Florence around dinner time.
"What do you mean?" she asked. "You've just come back."
She fixed me, wide-eyed. I felt myself flicker, but must have made no show of it: her gaze remained consistent. Her comment had, of course, thrown me. That I should wander into an Urseline convent that just happened to be open at the time of my passing by was enough the stuff of strange astral alignment. That she should recognize me as a once habitual resident was too much even for my former sign-adhering self. I was to make something of this encounter, I could tell. But I didn't know what and I didn't know how. I didn't even know why, but I felt, as one feels a kick to their shin, the weight of sleeping pulling down their eyelids, or the distinct pangs of insistent hunger, that this was a moment worthy of my reflection and reaction.
"Come back?" I responded. "I've never been here before; it's my first time visiting," I said hesitantly.
"Oh. But that can't be right. I know you. I've seen you before, you've stayed with us. You've been here before, I'm sure of it."
She looked at me earnestly, and I detected on her skin and in the wrinkled corners of her mouth the formation of an unspoken plea, the resistance of a faith barely noticeably flinching.
"Maybe I look like someone who has been here before," I answered, smiling, as unsatisfied with my response as she was. "Or maybe I have a familiar soul."
Theologically, she was not supposed to appreciate the second of my answers in any way. Catholic dogma preaches against the reincarnation of the soul, unless with its own body after the Second Coming and the final judgment it brings with it. But from her four feet eleven inches, she reached a hand onto my shoulder, and I felt comfort. Whether mine or hers is another question entirely.
We toured the rest of the floor; the one above it hosted some of the sisters, she explained -- there would be nothing of interest to me there. Then, we headed back down the long marble staircase to the place where we began. There was a small flower and herb garden in the yard if I wanted to see it. I could spend as much time there as I liked.
I thanked her and extended my right hand. She took it between both of hers and pressed against it from both sides. "God bless you," she said. I watched as she walked away, her white veil trailing lightly behind her in the perfectly still air. It only occurred to me on my train ride home that, contrary to what I might have expected, she had not asked for a donation. Which was just as well, because I had forgotten to offer one, and most likely didn't have any small bills or loose change with me, anyway.
I sat in the garden for a long time, individuating as many flower species as I could. I didn't get far; growing up in Montreal had left me sensible mostly to plants amenable to a harsh North American climate. There were things here I'd never before seen in my life, or that I could recognize only through the distant memories of my travels to which they were secondary and remained nameless. I lingered on the rose bushes and the Jasmine -- two easy and familiar favourites -- and wondered what I was to make of this unexpected meeting and the strange twist it had taken. I asked myself what someone who still believed in universal signs might find in being mistaken for someone in such a formerly relevant context, and with so much conviction. Earlier in the year, some friends had spoken to me about the Law of Attraction and the tendency to reap the energy that you sow, often when you least expect to. But I didn't believe in such flimsy philosophies and settled on coincidence, or at the very least, on inexplicable bizarreness. I had joked about being an Ursuline nun in Italy. Then, one recognized me as her sister, or her comrade, or at least as a friend. It was just a strange, silly thing.
I had gone to visit Parma for reasons, only one of them good. I had never been; it wouldn't have taken me long to get there; someone's mother I knew grew up there.
A mother I had never met, but one I'd heard spoken of frequently with great pride and the complicated ambiguousness of unconditional love and lingering filial resentment. For the mistakes a mother makes. For the misunderstandings that come of generational separation. For the complications created by geographical distance. For the familial schism that follows divorce. A scholar and a teacher, like I was. Over the previous two years, this unknown mother had taken dimension in my brain and in my heart. I'd seen where she lived once; I'd leafed through the many books she kept on local architecture and ancient design, on the growth of cities, and the decline of the Roman Empire. I knew her tastes, her lines. I longed to examine the folds of grey in her dark hair, the spaces between her teeth that showed through when she laughed. (I assumed they did, because her son's did, and her son had a face I knew well and loved, too.) But this was the end of a moment; the encounter I'd for so long imagined would now never happen, and this mother's face was forever to remain, in my imagination, a softened assembly of the male features they generated, the ones I knew so well. I had come to Parma to know something of this prematurely lost mother, to feel something of the kindness and warmth I imagined to be hers as I scanned her bookshelves and her kitchen cabinets. I had come to Parma to meet her.
And instead, I was leaving it not a daughter, but a sister, in the protective custody of a different warmth, a different educator. Instead, Parma had recognized something of the kindness and good spirit in me, making it impossible for me to come away a stranger.
I left the convent gardens just as the reminder of a skipped lunch gripped my stomach. Parma was home to the world's best prosciutto, I considered. I found a small deli counter with an outside terrace on the way to the station and stopped for half a kilo of meat and some parmesan and grissini to go with it. A middle-aged woman in a threadbare apron brought it to me, sun in her eyes, and for an hour, I sat and ate it slowly.
Monday, April 21, 2014
Violence against women -- en Vogue (?)
A fact that bears pause if you consider that femicide for many years referred most routinely to honour killings in cultures that have commonly (and mistakenly) been identified as less evolved than the European ideal.
This post is by no means an apology for Vogue Italia or an endorsement of an editorial (and perhaps political) move that, by my estimation, clearly misses its mark. Nor is it, however, a condoning of the mass's misguided (and a little uninformed and unimaginative) battle cry against it. What it intends to be is an evaluation both of Vogue's Cinematic (and, more problematically, the language used to describe it) and of popular reaction to it.
In other words, this is one of those instances where, from the heights of my horse, I pronounce that everybody got it wrong.
The most frequent attack on Cinematic - and one that Vogue itself addresses in its (unreadable -- who translated it?) letter from editor Carlo Ducci - is its cheap appeal to obvious controversy to make sales. Ducci writes, in an excerpt from said letter:
"Saying NO to violence against women enables us to be, in our own way, useful. And to convey, as our civic duty, a message against barbarism. It doesn’t matter if we run the risk of causing a general uproar with the media or arousing criticism; or if we are accused of exploiting pressing issues just to push our way in newsstands. What is important for us is that at least one of the dozens of women suffering violence every day can feel our nearness. And that those who follow us may feel stimulated to take action, condemn, and support women in trouble. And that they all see that all of us at “Vogue Italia” are on their side: by utterly and radically condemning all types of violence. This awareness urges us to make some noise."
What he fails to account for, however, is the way in which this exploitation occurs and manifests itself.
A little context: in the summer of 2013, Twitter exploded with posts about various Italian campaigns aimed at raising awareness about domestic violence, with the hopes of eventually eradicating it altogether. Most compelling among them (in my opinion) was a contest engineered to compensate the best ad-length films to treat this issue in a constructive way. These various initiatives, like rolling stones, gathered moss and made some stir (not as much as they - or I - had hoped). People commented, followed, tweeted, and retweeted, and added a little of their own. But that was almost a year ago, when it would have been more appropriate - or at least more publicly accepted - for Vogue to broach the same issue. Since then, it has (predictably) died down again in most news circles (despite the propagation and promotion of all-female led businesses, blogs, and news outlets in Italy). Vogue's meaning was well-intentioned, and perhaps even sufficiently couched in popular discourse and informed by current trends. But it came a year too late. Emerging only now, it seems nothing more than an after-the-fact reflection, flippant and unconcerned, on a topic that spent an entire summer - last summer - making waves. The question I ask is, why now? Does Vogue intend to be the Saviour of Women that swoops in to rekindle the dead flame of their issues and make them heard? Unlikely. Least of all with a man spearheading its intended movement. (I mean, Vogue Italia has a strong female figure in Franca Sozzani, and as much as I generally disagree with everything she says, I wonder why her voice is entirely absent from an issue that explicitly claims to address her half of the human species.)
The second claim that comes against Cinematic is its "glamourization" of domestic violence - its transformation of the issue into a fantasy lightened by the beautiful clothing photographed that almost justifies it. It's chic to be beaten, is what many critics of Cinematic claim to be its take-home message. In ways obvious to anyone who has actually looked at the whole contents of the photo-shoot and its associated short film, that interpretation is obviously wrong (if we are willing to entertain the editor's very naïve approach to domestic violence and still more discounted artistic interpretation of it). Cinematic features an equal number of male and female characters and roles clearly divided by gender: the men are the perpetrators of violence against women, the women the tormented subjects of these predatory attacks. Except for one woman - and the film's (and photo-shoot's) protagonist. She appears on the cover in exhausted victory over her male assaulter, who she does defeat in the project's short film. The film's narrative comes closer to defending the project overall: in it, the stills that in the photo shoot distinctly show men terrorizing women in gorgeous clothing, unmarred by the bloodiness around them, move quickly together to tell the story of a woman who, despite the constant threat of a presence who never truly makes himself visible, overcomes her fear -- and her attacker. Men are all but absent in the film, which places greater emphasis on women, both as victims and, eventually, as victors (or victorias, perhaps). The stills, however, reverse any good the film does by easily setting up a dichotomy that only in one photo is effectively overturned.
A photo of a woman (in white patent leather platforms) holding a bloody cleaver in her hand.
We are to assume, as the film and the cover shot make clear, that she, like the shoot's protagonist, has killed her attacker -- hooray for women! We have emerged as mistresses of our own fates! Right? Right?!
Wrong.
The problem no one seems to address, here, is that Vogue Italia's only proposed alternative to domestic violence against women, its only recourse of action, its only imagined solution, is domestic violence against men. Only in killing their (our) attackers can women right the wrongs against them (us) and avoid the pain of impending physical attack. Only by becoming villains can they (we) also become victorious.
It's a problem, especially in Italy, where women are already villainised simply for being women; where we are called greedy, money-hungry, manipulative and false; where we are accused of trying to be men, without actually trying (that is, receiving the proper training) to be men; where we are held in contempt simply for climbing corporate (or political) ladders, which seldom happens without the intervention of nepotism or sexual misconduct -- in which case, we are called opportunists and whores. It's a problem because it reduces women to what is already considered the only card in our deck (and the one that, since the sixteenth-century, has defined us): our instinct and the impulsive behaviours it is said to engender. It's a problem because it assumes that women have no other way out, no model of empowerment that is not linked to primitive retaliation or self-defense. It strips women of our agency to be on the offense in a society that all too frequently leaves us in the defensive zone.
I don't often go on what pop culture calls "feminist rants" because I prefer to think of women as established equals to men, as winners in the fight against sexism, as beings who only by unflinchingly focusing on our worth and contribution to society - and not by lingering on issues of inequality that only further draw attention to it and worsen it - can ensure the successful survival of our species. I prefer to embrace and appreciate our differences from men, and to use them for a greater good. I prefer to think of my male peers as supporters and allies, not adversaries. This is why Vogue Italia's Cinematic spread is so offensive. Not because it makes domestic violence okay. Not because it relies on it to sell copies. But because it so clearly and thoughtlessly continues to propagate the idea that men and women are enemies, that one is more powerful than the other, that one must kill the other in order to survive, that they cannot cooperate. It insists on aspects of this so-called "feminist discourse" that advances no one, least of all feminists. It stagnates on an idea of gender-equality that is at least 30 years old and that has proven to be ineffective in its larger cause.
What is worse, it presumes to undo, with its "controversial look at violence against women" fashion-publishing's more common practice of espousing and profiting on dream-like alternatives to reality to ensure popularity:
"It is a controversial as much as an essential relationship the one that connects fashion publishing with daily life. A palpable and fertile interaction, continuous and constant, a mutual nourishment that brings them closer or takes them apart, embracing the dimension of the dream, an inalienable element in this publishing sector. A dream that in most cases is inspired by and nods to that part of our reality that most people define “light”, associated to entertainment, which is undoubtedly intriguing."
Domestic violence is indeed real. Violence against women is real. Hell, in Italy, even violence against women in pretty clothing is real. But the resolution of it that Cinematic offers is just as much an unrealistic dream as any other. Only this time, it's not the fictive promise of massive jewels or pristine yachts on sale.
In essence, I don't think Steven Meisel's project is bad. I think, as is the case with most (self-assumed) high-end fashion photography, that it is aesthetically beautiful, that it captures an (albeit limited) array of human emotion, that it effectively completes the narrative proposed to it. But it died at the hands of Vogue's editors, who insisted on publicly making it about violence against women, when they could have just taken the (to them) moral low-ground and left it at fashion's take on horror films. There are issues appropriate for Vogue, as a publication concerned with beauty and fashion, to comment critically upon (July 2005's critique of plastic surgery, for example). Cinematic works as the title of something that doesn't pretend to be anything more than an interpretation of that - of cinema and the fantasies that it, by its very nature, promotes. It ceases to work as the title of a campaign against domestic violence that, for reasons beyond the popular opinion I have come across so far, undeniably fails.
Friday, April 18, 2014
RED flag
The first concerns the projected opening of a Feltrinelli RED bookstore in Florence's storied Piazza della Repubblica, right in the heart of its centro storico. For those unfamiliar with the news, in July 2012, Feltrinelli, one of Italy's best-known and most important (on a global scale) publishing houses and bookstore chains opened its first RED location in Rome. RED, both Feltrinelli's signature colour and an acronym for "Read, Eat, Dream," was conceived as the meeting point of two specific elements of traditional Italian culture: literature and food. It opened as a bookshop with gourmet food counters, somewhat like Eataly, and a space for people to meet and chat while browsing the proposed literary selections and maybe also enjoying an aperitivo. The second RED opened in Milan in September, 2013, and the third is slated for a Florentine inauguration in the foreseeable future, setting up shop where the recently defunct (2013) Edison Bookstore once stood.
There are just a few problems with this business plan, and with RED's mission more generally. To put it briefly: it at once caters to an Italian audience that no longer exists and attempts to generate a modified version of this audience in a place uninterested in bringing it back to life, and unlikely to succeed at encouraging its growth.
"Reading" is no longer a traditional Italian practice. It hasn't been for a while. Recent years have witnessed the closure of the Libreria del Porcellino, Libreria de' Martelli, Libreria de' Servi, and, as previously mentioned, the Edison Bookstore in Florence. Once a household name, in 2012, Mel's Bookstore passed into the hands of IBS -- primarily an online book dealer (like Amazon), and the Feltrinelli International that still stands in Via Cavour is ostensibly breathing its last breath. No official announcement of its closure has been made, but each time I go back, I am welcomed by another empty room and stacks "in transition" to somewhere else - most likely a storage bin.
That is not to say that Italy has stopped reading, or even that Italian readers have shifted their attention exclusively to online book purchases, audiobooks or free downloads (although a lot of that has happened, too). It means, rather, that "reading" has become an alternative - not mainstream - activity, and it means there is no room (and no demand) for it on Florence's crowded downtown streets. It's a sad reality for those of us who do cherish the existing stores that still carry paperbacks, but that doesn't make it any less true.
These formerly book-friendly venues have most often been replaced with the second item on RED's agenda (the third is just redundant): eateries. Because no matter what else, come hell or high water, Italians will always need to eat -- and enjoy doing it (and rightly so). Venchi (chocolate store and gelateria) and Eataly have set up shop in Piazza del Mercato Nuovo and just steps from the Duomo, respectively and there enjoy the fortunes that for their buildings' previous tenants ran dry. But the Libreria de' Servi suffered a different fate, to a different end, and perhaps for a mostly different population. It has turned into the Museo Leonardo Da Vinci along a trajectory that conveniently (more or less) lines up the Ponte Vecchio, Piazza della Signoria, Piazza della Repubblica, and Duomo, and is just a block over from the Galleria dell'Accademia and the home of Michelangelo's David. In other words, in the case of the Servi bookstore, the interests of Florence's intellectual community - and the Libreria de' Servi was, in fact, an important tool for scholars of Italian literature, history, and culture - were sacrificed for the assumed interests of its tourists. It's hardly blameworthy: from December to October, Florence's economy relies heavily on the pockets of its foreign visitors. It's only right to repay the favour by giving them what (we think) they want.
Assuming, then, as a successful model, the replacing of Edison bookstore in Piazza della Repubblica (hereafter, PDR) - a primary tourist destination - with another bookstore is not only a disappointing, but a risky attitude. Not least because the bookstore that for so many years opened its doors to American ex-pats and Italians alike failed in the very spot RED hopes to inhabit. It failed. Despite the tables set up for around-the-clock study and light eating and, toward the end of its tenure, the heavily discounted books on sale throughout the store, Edison failed. Why did it fail? It failed because a piazza that was once known for its hospitality to foreign students (and their local or likeminded, cosmopolitan friends) has fallen to the more pressing - or more lucrative - demands of the general population. When I studied there in 2005, at the Centro linguistico italiano Dante Alighieri, my classmates and I met daily at the historical Gambrinus café before class. When I came back on my own in 2011, Gambrinus had (just) been replaced by the Hard Rock Café (Italian friends actually took me to the inauguration, as if this was something I would surely like to do out of some presumed sense of 'patriotism' as much as they did out of curiosity). Once a gathering place for the students at the Palazzo Rucellai Institute (now the Istituto degli studi internazionali) just around the corner, PDR has slowly transitioned into nothing more than another tourist destination -- with the mini-market set up on its edges to match.
And tourists don't read. Or at least, they don't go to Florence to shop for books. And, with the Rinascente shopping center and its famous rooftop terrace restaurant defining the piazza's outer limit, and the still more notorious Giubbe rosse restaurant and café impressively flanking an entire side, no tourist goes to PDR looking to read, eat, OR dream at Feltrinelli. Least of all when there is a Feltrinelli not but a three-minute walk away in Via de' Cerretani.
I am not sure if it's noble, presumptuous, silly, or over-confident of Feltrinelli to try to preserve (or restore) Piazza della Repubblica's illustrious literary past (after all, Le Giubbe rosse started out as a literary café and in that way established its reputation from the late eighteenth century onward) by pushing itself in and adding something 'new.' I don't know if I am comforted or insulted by the idea of openly pairing books for sale (that are not recipe books) with food, or of hoping to boost book sales by also offering victuals and libations. Either way, with so many competing distractions and short-term customers (Giunti and IBS both have a base of loyal local customers), I am not convinced that RED will be able to pull its two-million euro weight in the long-term.
I'm not even sure I want it to. As strongly as I feel about literature and the integrity of the printed book and as much as I love to see new book ventures succeed, I think I would rather see a moderately-sized (and, ideally, independently-owned, but let's not get picky) shop thrive in a venue appropriate to it - near a university campus, or in a neighbourhood reputed for its eclectic intello-artistic clientele - than a multi-million dollar glamourisation of what I still think of as humanity's most humble, honest, and unassuming pass-time. When I was growing up (and by now you'll think I'm a cranky old lady harping on the 'good ole days of yore'), reading and dreaming were synonymous terms -- you couldn't do one without doing the other. I didn't need the pomp and circumstance of bright lights and novelty pizza to inspire me to expand my horizons. Nor did I need a space explicitly engineered for my dreaming to imagine the most fantastical things I could conjure. But then, I grew up reading encyclopedias and, when they weren't available, cereal boxes, or anything else I could get my eyes on, and, later, compiling my own very serious, very researched collections of curiosities: Countries of the World, Their Flags, and Their Capitals; Flowers and Shrubs; Poems and Short Stories; Dog Breeds and Behaviours. (I swear. My parents kept some and still have them.) For me, the cup of tea has always been secondary to the reading - and the dreaming - it accompanies. Sometimes, I even forget to drink it.
Of course, RED has enjoyed considerable success both in Rome and in Milan, and more likely than not, I will be the first one to walk through its doors when it does open in Florence, either to make myself believe in its project, or to convince myself that I was right to be skeptical about it. Or maybe both. Or maybe just to take in the mixed crowd of hobnobbing local fighetti and in-and-out tourists looking for cards and calendars (you know, the ones with the old ads for Campari, or the Venetian carnival costumes). If RED succeeds, I'll be glad that someone found a way to bring reading back to PDR. If it doesn't, I'll be glad the legacy ended with Edison: an establishment that, in my time, I grew so much to love.
Friday, April 11, 2014
Pudding Time
Are you ready? This one might upset you. Let's just move forward in list format to soften the blow a little.
1. Italians eat SO MUCH.
Oh my God, you guys, whenever I go to Italy, I gain, like 15lbs, it doesn't even make sense, there's so much food!!! Italians eat so much!!! Every meal is like a four or five-course meal ... how do they stay so skinny??
So I started with my favourite. In all fairness, until I traveled extensively there, I was under the impression that this stereotype held true, too. Up until a certain point of time and especially in certain regions, I'm sure it did. In the 1970s and 80s, when Italy was a more affluent society at the height of its culinary game (some argue), yes, food consumption was a big thing. In Sicily, for example, where food is priced rather reasonably, it's not uncommon to eat lots of it, and still today, the promise of food is also the easiest way to socialise and to guarantee a good turnout of friends on any average evening. But long gone are the days (if ever they existed) when every meal was a banquet and every banquet an embarrassing display of gourmet riches. Let's sort out the facts from fiction: it's true that Italian cuisine, like many other cultures, offers different courses and servings: the antipasto (or appetizer), primo (or first course, usually pasta based), secondo (or second course, usually meat or fish based), contorno (side dish), and the dolce, caffè, ammazzacaffè (dessert, coffee, and digestive). In some places, you'll also find the cheese course snuck in right before dessert and accompanied by fruit. But I've only ever had meals composed of all six courses on special occasions. Granted, in Italy, having your niece over for lunch on a random Sunday afternoon might be considered a special occasion -- in other words, there might be much more opportunity for these elaborate meals to arise. But they are not a daily occurrence. In real life, Italians limit themselves to a primo OR a secondo più contorno, both when cooking for themselves and when eating out. In some cases, they'll also throw in an appetizer or dessert to share, but that's more or less where they draw the line. THAT's how they stay so skinny. Just because there are six courses on the menu doesn't mean you have to (or should) sample them all in one sitting.
2) Italians only eat pizza and pasta.
No, they don't. In fact, Italy has one of the world's most varied kitchens (in my opinion). Each region develops its own precious specialties, which range from beef (in Tuscany) to fish (in coastal regions like Puglia or Campania), to stuffed or layered pasta (in Emilia-Romagna), to mushroom-based plates (in Piemonte). There's lots to choose from within Italy's national cuisine, and when Italians tire of it (which seldom, but occasionally, happens), there's also lots to choose from outside of it. In Florence alone, I've had Chinese, Thai, Indian, Japanese, Moroccan, French, and American food.
3) Italians make the best pizza in the world.
This one is more of a specification than a refutation. It's Neapolitans, not Italians that make the best pizza in the world. And there is a difference -- a huge one. The pizza you'll find in Milan, Genova, Venice, or even Rome, unless it's from a pizzeria owned and run by a Neapolitan, is not anything like the pizza you'll find in Naples. Okay, maybe it's something like it. There's dough and toppings involved, but that's about where the similarities end. The texture and height of the dough change (Neapolitan pizza has a thick, usually well-cooked crust), the toppings change, the ratio of sauce to cheese changes ... it's its own beast. So look for Neapolitan pizzerie when you travel within Italy, or be disappointed that you had a crappy, thin-crust pizza in Verona. You were expecting better, aren't Italians the masters of pizza? No. No, they are not.
4) Chicken primavera pasta (or similar) is a real thing.
It isn't, and I blame the Olive Garden (Lord, help us) for making everyone believe it is. In general, and with the (remarkably rare) exception of carbonara and amatriciana sauces, Italians don't really like to put chunks of meat in their pasta. They consider it degrading, or they don't particularly relish the idea of combining the primo and the secondo in the same serving (remember when I told you about how Italians like for things to be in their right place?). Either way, it simply does not occur (often) to Italians to put cubed chicken or pork or any kind of meat (except fish. Fish is a different thing), really, in their pasta, especially with other vegetables and heavy cream. That is not to say that they will never eat pasta and meat together in the same plate. Ragù (meat-sauce) and stuffed pasta like tortellini or ravioli are notable cases in point. It's not that Italians are anti meat + pasta. It's that the combination must be done in a certain way to make it real or appetizing. Chicken primavera is not an acceptable option. While we're at it, neither are garlic breadsticks (unless they also come topped with tomatoes).
5) Nothing in an Italian fridge goes wasted.
Wrong. Well, I mean, like the best of us, Italians try to put everything to good use. But while in America it might be common to leave a package of opened ham in the fridge for a week or more without worrying about its edibility, in Italy, if something is not eaten within 3-5 days of being purchased, it's out. Are you crazy? Do you want to get sick? That prosciutto has just been SITTING there for three days! It's an attitude that merits both blame and praise. On the one hand, it does seem a little wasteful unless only the perfect portions of everything are bought. On the other, it encourages the use of fresh ingredients, usually bought the same-day. Of course, this means going to the grocery store daily (or at least twice a week), but that might be a small price to pay for nearly-guaranteed freshness and quality.
6) Italians are food snobs.
This one is true, at least to an extent. They prefer to think of themselves as "connaisseurs," but the simple fact of the matter is that some behaviour Italians display toward food smacks of downright elitism. They almost categorically refuse to acknowledge even the possibility of leftovers (my boyfriend lets me keep mine in the fridge, with the understanding that I will be the only person to ever touch them), let alone their viability as recycled meals. They refuse to combine certain ingredients, or to dissociate classic combinations of others. (Once, I was called "American" for coating my pasta with burro e basilico (butter and basil) rather than the traditional burro e salvia (butter and sage).) They refuse to try new ingredients (BACON? GROSS), and they absolutely cannot tolerate the misrepresentation or inadequate interpretation of dishes they deem to be basic (how could this person possibly mess up this saffron risotto? I was making this when I was 3 years old!). Outside of Italy, they dismiss any ingredients that are non-Italian (what the hell is HAVARTI?), and limit their scope to the familiar and safe. So, yes, they have a special relationship with food, and it takes a while for them to broaden their horizons, but they do. Present them with an impeccable dish of any culture that makes use of a majority of ingredients they know well, and they readily appreciate it. Come on. They're not monsters (most of the time). Also, let's be honest, they might be anal retentive about their food combinations, but many times, they're just right. I have yet to be recommended a mixture of ingredients (in any form) that doesn't work perfectly. So, you know, you gotta give them that.
7) Vaccaro's (or similar) is the authentic Italian dessert experience.
Alright. Vaccaro's is just a Baltimore thing, that people unfamiliar with Baltimore might not understand, but in concept, it's very simple. It's a "pastry shop" that offers peanut-butter based mountains of marshmallow ice cream with unicorn-themed sprinkles and baco-bits shavings and calls them Italian desserts. There are places like Vaccaro's coming out the whazoo across North America and giving Italian desserts a bad - or incorrect - name.
The real Italian dessert experience is as much an appreciation of the classic tiramisù, amaretti, or cantuccini con vinsanto as it is an exploration of desserts imported from other cultures and given an Italian twist: the Pan di Spagna, Torta bavarese, Sacher, or Zuppa inglese. I might still contend that the French have the world's greatest desserts, but Italians deserve a fighting chance. Just, please. Don't limit your understanding of Italian dessert to Vaccaro's or - and just as egregiously - to gelato. With few exceptions, gelato is something you can only get (at a gelateria) in the summer, and is less a dessert than a generally refreshing snack acceptable any time of the day under the scorching Mediterranean sun. You can have it after every meal if you really must, but you'd be missing a world of opportunities.
8) What is this weird breakfast with NO EGGS?!?!
It's less of a stereotype than a general shock to the American system. Italians don't eat eggs at breakfast. In fact, they don't eat much at breakfast. Sometimes, and if they're really indulging, they'll have a bowl of cereal with their morning coffee. But most often, it's a coffee and a pastry - a viennoiserie, as the French say - usually a croissant (cornetto), brioche, or bombolone or ciambella (donut). At home, it might be a store-bought viennoiserie or fette biscottate (like Melba toast) with butter and jam or nutella. Either way, there's not a whole lot of protein going on at the Italian breakfast table. They'll have the occasional pancake, but best of luck to you if you try to serve it with ham or breakfast sausages.
And while on the topic of breakfast and coffee ...
9) Coffee is espresso. Espresso is coffee.
Yes. I mean, there are a million ways to make "a coffee" in Italy (maybe not the Starbucks million, but quite a few). There's the caffè corretto (with liquor), caffè macchiato (with a shot of milk), cappuccino (only to be consumed before 11am), caffè latte (latte), and more. But when you say "caffè" -- just straight-up, 100% roasted bean -- what you're asking for is a single shot of espresso (not EXpresso), no frills. So if you say you want "un caffè," don't be surprised if they don't come out with a tall Americano to-go. That's not how things go there. I know I don't need to talk to you about coffee culture in Italy, about how "getting coffee" means standing at the bar for five minutes (at most) and drinking your coffee at the counter from a ceramic cup. But just in case, that's what you're in for. It's not an "I'll get my Starbucks venti and sit at a table and pull out my Mac" kind of scenario. Nor is it an idyllic "I'll just talk with the cute bartender all day long while I twirl my hair around my finger" kind of scene: chances are, at least in the morning, there are at least 20 more of you at the bar all at the same time, and your bartender can barely remember your order, let alone notice the brightness of your baby blues (well, actually, that might not be true given the reputation that precedes Italian men, but you get my point).
10) Lunch is almost never a salad (sorry).
In fact, the insalata usa poco in Italia (salad is not very common or popular in Italy). Personally, I pride myself on the innovativeness and creativity of my (many) salads (my repertoire grows daily). But In Italy, they're not really a thing. You can get a mixed salad, but it's usually just a sad little gathering of some tortured lettuce, underripe tomatoes (because they use the good ones for bruschetta or tomato sauce), large slices of cucumbers, and shredded carrots -- with no dressing (they'll bring you olive oil, balsamic vinegar, salt, and pepper, and leave you to your own devices). Accordingly, finding salad for lunch is a difficult feat -- Italians are more likely to have a panino (sandwich) or a slice of pizza, or even a primo than a salad.
And yes, it's one paninO, two (or more) paninI.
Along the same lines:
11) (bonus) Italian rustic cuisine is vegetarian.
I mean, not really. Again here, things have changed historically and as a function of economic prosperity. A rustic kitchen is typically associated with a home with limited income: the kitchen is "rustic" because the cook can't afford fancy ingredients. As a result, many rustic Italian dishes are deprived of meat (or at least of the best cuts of meat), simply because rustic chefs could't afford to buy it. But calling rustic cuisine vegetarian is a (large) leap. In fact, "vegetarian" is not really a thing in Italy. In the US, it often means (or should) eating lots of vegetables prepared in different ways. In Italy, if you don't want meat, you get a primo, you don't go actively looking for things made out of vegetables instead. Vegan food is still less of a thing. In Florence, there is all of one vegan restaurant, and maybe only a handful of "vegetarian" places, at least two or three of which are simply smoothie shops. The green wave gains access to Italy in different ways. It's not unlikely to find asparagus, chicory, or broccoli on a conventional Italian menu. But they're all side-dishes, not main courses. I don't think they will ever be main courses. It breaks my heart, because I make a killer potato-asparagus and broccoli-egg salad, but what can you do? I'm only Italian on the inside, and only, my Italian friends tease, a half of a half (so, I guess, a quarter?). I believe in the green, but I may be alone.
So those are my top 10 (plus a bonus) Italian food myths. Feel free to ask about or comment on any others that come to mind. In the meantime, buon appetito!
Friday, April 4, 2014
Twitter - A Month in Review
Lunch ideas -- it's not too late: Sottaceto Salad http://t.co/XU2MoE3NnZ
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) April 3, 2014
per l'appunto: http://t.co/Bw63y4E0TY
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) March 22, 2014
Secondo il rapporto Nielsen sulla lettura in Italia i libri hanno iniziato a leggersi fra loro.
— Mix (@mixmic76) March 22, 2014
Poesia, quelle passioni attaccate sui muri http://t.co/HyWiCXy7aF via @repubblicait
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) March 21, 2014
Penciled in: evening walk by stazione leopolda pic.twitter.com/tRGG9G2haX
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) March 21, 2014
Toscana: nate quasi 1400 nuove imprese, la metà sono guidate da donne. http://t.co/a2XCZThkmf
— intoscana.it (@intoscana) March 13, 2014
Dolla dolla bills (#northamericanscum ?) pic.twitter.com/Td3lebE9qm
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) March 11, 2014
for international #WomensDay2014 (sort of): http://t.co/X1zd9peGfO
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) March 8, 2014
La solitudine dei numeri primi - It doesn’t go that way. (Or: Award-winning (bestselling) novel on a D-list... http://t.co/HWBM2gl4gB
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) March 7, 2014
Via dell'Inferno, Florence... Snazzy goggles, Mr. A. pic.twitter.com/glgp8oRobT
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) March 7, 2014
That moment when you come home from #Feltrinelli with two more books than you went in for and don't know where (but can't wait) to start ...
— Tania Zampini (@tlouisa) February 22, 2014



